Has UK become a digital nation?

AbstractInformation engineering science has mystify much than prevalent fashioning it indispens fit in the daylight to day activities of non beneficial individuals or barteres but to the nation as a whole. There argon more giving medication initiatives to move from paper-based magnetic disk keeping to a digital record valet de chambreagement. However, despite engineering branch, the nation as a whole is not prepared to get accustomed to a digital world. Though engineering simplifies certain fall upon processes and tasks in our day to day lives there are still areas like training and ontogenesis that the nation inescapably to rig in hunting lodge embrace the digital revolution.The key aim of this refreshen is to downstairsstand the key occasion of entropy engine room and schooling systems in business, public sector and in the lives of the ordinary man and the evolution of engineering science and its lend oneself in variant areas. The reexamine critically an alyses research most net and some other emerging technologies and points come forth the current gaps.IntroductionThe quick development of k like a shotledge technology and tools has not only when do it easier for individuals and businesses to calculate at their own convenience and obtain information quick, but has in like manner shrunk the world into a orbicular village. Information Systems and Technologies have now become the backbone and lifeblood of businesses. In an information age, almost all processes are automate by businesses, most transactions instruct place over the internet and businesses use information technology in some way or the other.The Office for National Statistics (2013) have interpreted that there has been a sharp outgrowth in the usage of internet for business activities. From employ internet as a primary means of communications, businesses are now change magnitudely using internet for fashioning sales online. The statistics show that 18% of the business employee turnover was accounted for by online sales and nearly 43% of businesses in the UK used sociable media to market their products and promotional activities. Studies by melodic line Zone (2011) showed that 77% of the households in the UK have access to the internet and that the growth in the Information and colloquy Technologies (ICT) has the potential to generate ?35 million value added growth in the UK thriftiness by businesses.In the digital scientific age, businesses and nations have deuce options to either embrace the technology or be a technologically divided nation. engineering science has become ingrained in the lives of the sophisticated man and has proven to have significant advantages and benefits. The last four decades have shown a stark increase in the development and usage of technology. byplayes that do not have technological expertise miss out on opportunities, individuals chance on it difficult to carry on even the most mundane tasks wi thout technological assistance as dependence on technology increases but technology enables information to be in stock(predicate) at any time that jockstraps organisations go for strategic decisions (Melville et al, 2004)The main aim of this paper is to identify the government agency information systems play in organisations and to critically review the literature to get an in-depth thought of the IT trends and infrastructure evolution in order to understand whether the UK has become a digital nation.Literature ReviewThis section demonstratees the role of Information Systems in business organisations, the infrastructure and key technological developments over the past few years and as well as the role of internet in the digital and moderne age.Information Systems in BusinessStudies show that information systems are being used by businesses in order to increase productivity, decrease embodys, and rough-and-readyly manage their day to day operations thereby increasing profit s (Melville et al, 2004). Information Technology and Information Systems are no longer a separate division in an organisation but a cross- pieceal one which has a role to play in the overall business, thus making it necessary (Rainer and Cegielski, 2010). In their book, Enabling and Transforming Business, the authors (Melville et al, 2004)discuss the role information system plays in not only developing the business but also as a key role it takes in facilitating the business to reach its strategic and long-term goals and vision. The authors discuss the power of digital information and the real-world applications of Information Technology in a business environment. The authors show that IT settlements can be applied to any business problem in order to maximise the returns and also to ensure that an effective solution is maintained. This is not just true to business organisations. In a digitised world, governments also apply Information Technology to act upon information available and to use IT and information systems to process, store and disseminate information to enable faster processing, reduction in costs, improved practices and complying with unlike regulations .(Rainer and Cegielski, 2010).There is an undeniable and key role that Information Technology plays in business organisations that it is almost impossible for businesses to function without IT rear. This does not mean that using IT would extend the organisation to success. The authors point out by means of case studies and examples where using IT can actually lead to the failure. This points out to the areas that need to be concentrated on trance implementing an IT solution within the business or the key points that need to be considered go deciding to digitise the business to ensure that the IT performance helps the business contact its objectives. This book provides all the basic pointers that need to be noted while implementing an information system and takes the reader through the impo rtance and advantages of the same. This book even so cannot act as a final guide for choosing appropriate technologies or for advanced readers.Businesses in this information age are moving to global web-based platforms to be able to appeal to more customers. net and other emerging technologies, such as wireless and quick communication systems, further stir their business offering and also for competitive and strategic advantage (Bocij, 2006). Organisations use information systems for provision of business intelligence that would enable them be in the forefront (Negash, 2004). Studies relate skillful organisational surgical procedure with a strong information systems and infrastructure. Information technology has a great impact in the performance of the company and helps to add value to the services offered. However, researchers show that in order for the information technology to be able to add value and help in the significant contribution of the success of the business, it i s essential a good framework is being used to develop the IT business model, training involve are adhered to and that a proper change management mechanism is in place. (Melville et al, 2004).From the above, it can be noted that information systems in business is inevitable and even government organisations are adapting and embracing rising technologies thus brainish forward the digital age and making a contributing to learn the nation to go digital.Emerging TechnologiesInformation Technology is developing and evolving at a rapid pace. Technology is no longer just a personal computing machine or a network of computers. Gartner (2013) predicts the top technologies include mobile imposture management, mobile apps and applications, cloud computing, smart machines and 3-D printing in 2014.MIT technology (2014) discusses that future holds a lot more breakthroughs in technologies. The most gripping and powerful technologies that would dominate the current year are noted as ultrapri vate smartphones built with aegis and privacy, 3-D printing, neuromorphic chips that act like brain chips and mobile collaboration. The research shows that these technologies take the digital age to a whole new level and that helps businesses become and remain more competitive and also take provision of services to a whole new level. Powerful and modern technology would enable businesses to operate and collaborate in a split up fashion.These emerging technologies show that the scope of technology has gone beyond just using of computers and how technology if used properly can help way forward the digital era and also the impact it can make on business as well as the entire population. net income in Business lucre in business is gaining more and more importance and the proliferation of this technology has made communications seamless across the globe. The Internet started out as a communication technology and now has become indispensable to the business not only for communication but also for motley other purposes (Afuah, 2000).Internet is increasingly used as a tool to collaborate, make sales, state with customers, build brand image and as an economically viable deal to advertise and reach out to a larger population of customers (Zhao, 2000).Internet commerce or e-commerce facilitates processing of transactions online using internet technologies. The development of these technologies and the proliferation of these has enabled businesses to sell their products directly to the customers irrespective of their geographic location. This technological era has not only changed dramatically but has also led to the change in perspective in terms of business models and the way businesses and corporations operate and assume with customers.The emergence of social media sites on the internet enables businesses use these to be able to pitch their ideas and attract a plethora of customers, build trust and a brand image. Similarly, using internet technologies has enabl ed effective communication across the globe irrespective of the time zone and to be able to obtain information across the globe at convenience. Overall this has marked the rapid growth in using technology as a means for development and making a significant impact in the digital world.Benefits of ITStudies show that UK digitisation has had a very positive impact in the economy and has added nearly ?63 billion to the annual GDP.The other benefits of IT in the habitual population and the economy includesBetter living quality by minimising efforts and increasing efficiency of services offered. Internet proficiency can help government to meet its goals and also streamline various processes. (UK & Booz & Co, 2012) Businesses can collaborate emend and use its online presence to market its products and services.Key Information Technology ChallengesThough internet and other Information and Communications Technologies have become more prevalent and common in businesses today, there are stil l various organisations that face various IT implementation challenges. These include1. despicable from paper-based environment to electronic records Studies show that more than 90% of the businesses use electronic records. However, moving from paper based to electronic environment could be quite challenging. Businesses would need to be able to arrive the pay off records management software and technologies to support their processes and manage business records digitally and this is difficult because of the lack of key skills and expertise in understanding the various tools and services that are offered. This process could be further complicated by various compliance laws that king become applicable whilst moving to electronic records, organisational culture and change management procedure in place to accost these (M Rapaport, 2014).Training When implementing new technologies it is autocratic that staff are trained. Implementing new technologies might cause reluctance in emplo yees using these due to lack of knowledge, skills and expertise. It is imperative that businesses use good training methods and have adequate change tame to ensure business-wide acceptance of the technologies (E Savitz, 2011). Security Security is a key field and data protection and privacy are areas of concern for enterprises. Systems and technologies are under various threats and risks and it is therefore essential for businesses to think through the information security challenges, authentication and authorisation methods, policies, compliance and regulatory requirements whilst implementing IT within the business (Symantec, 2014). resultantAll businesses and individuals are using information technology more and more. political relation departments are also moving towards electronic data and technology has now become a part and parcel of all organisations. However, this development has a lot of challenges and businesses need to cross a lot of barriers before implementing the c orrect information system and technology.Training and acceptance of technology has to be taken into consideration while implementing Information systems across the organisation. There are various advantages of using IT and affiliated technologies. The key challenges facing the government adapting to technology is ensuring cost effectiveness and having a fully transparent procedure that is auditable. Moving to a digital age can make certain things challenging however, the benefits of implementation of technologies outweigh the challenges.The current trend shows that there would be an increase in the technological proliferation and for government to embrace the technology fully it requires that the skills gap be catered to and that ICT literacy is taken into consideration by the government. To become a digital nation, cheering investment is required and the adequate skills needed to be able to support the infrastructure and the technology are essential. The costs for such an emergen ce needs to be taken into consideration and the necessary measures need to be taken to be fully prepared to embrace the technological age with ease.This review has shown that there are various benefits of using Information Technology and has also shown evidence of the usage of Information Technology by businesses and the government. This clearly shows the go and the contribution to move to a digital era. It also highlights the key challenges go about and these challenges if tackled effectively would lead to harnessing all the key benefits of technology thus making UK a truly digital nation. 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